Continuing Communicating with the Scammers Part 2 – Stop That
Making the Case Why Continuing to Talk to Scammers After Discovery is a Bad Idea – Morally, Ethically, and Psychologically for Scam Victims
Part 2 : Part 1
Primary Category: Psychology of Scams
Author:
• Tim McGuinness, Ph.D. – Anthropologist, Scientist, Director of the Society of Citizens Against Relationship Scams Inc.
About This Article
Continuing to communicate with scammers after discovering their deception poses significant risks that extend far beyond the initial scam. This article delves into the psychological, ethical, and practical implications of such engagement, emphasizing the harm it causes to victims and the broader societal impact. Victims may believe they are regaining control or seeking closure, but prolonged interaction often deepens emotional entanglement, erodes critical thinking, and reinforces trauma. Furthermore, continuing to engage with scammers can inadvertently enable their operations by providing feedback that helps refine their tactics, posing risks to future victims.
The ethical dilemmas of continued communication are profound, as victims may blur the lines between self-protection and enabling harm, often driven by anger, curiosity, or a misplaced sense of moral responsibility. By understanding the psychological traps—such as the mere exposure effect and cognitive biases—that keep victims tethered to scammers, individuals can better recognize the importance of disengagement. Breaking the cycle of communication not only supports personal recovery but also prevents further exploitation and contributes to broader efforts to combat scams. Ultimately, severing ties is the most effective way for victims to reclaim control, protect their integrity, and move forward with resilience.
Breaking the Cycle: The Hidden Risks of Continuing Engagement with Scammers
Part 2 : Part 1
When scam victims discover they have been targeted—whether before or after significant harm—they often face a pivotal decision: to disengage completely or continue communicating with the scammer. Many victims, driven by curiosity, anger, a desire for justice, or emotional attachment, choose to keep the lines of communication open. While this reaction may feel justified or even empowering, it carries significant psychological, ethical, and practical risks. This article examines the complex dimensions of continued engagement with scammers, from the psychological toll and ethical dilemmas to the broader societal implications, offering victims insights and tools to reclaim control and prioritize recovery.
Introduction: The Hidden Dangers Beyond Financial Loss
Discovering that you have been targeted by a scammer is a moment of profound realization. It often comes with a mix of emotions—relief that you uncovered the truth, anger at the scammer’s deceit, and confusion about what to do next. For some, the instinct is to immediately cut ties and report the scam. For others, however, the temptation to continue engaging with the scammer persists, whether out of curiosity, a desire for closure, or even the hope of seeking revenge. While these reactions are understandable, they come with serious risks that extend beyond the initial scam.
Scammers are not just financial predators; they are psychological manipulators who thrive on exploiting human emotions, vulnerabilities, and cognitive blind spots. In the previous article “Making the Case Why Continuing to Talk to Scammers After Discovery is a Bad Idea – Morally, Ethically, and Psychologically for Scam Victims”, we explored the multifaceted dangers of prolonged interaction, including emotional manipulation, delayed recovery, and ethical concerns. This follow-up article delves deeper into the mechanisms at play, particularly for victims who believe they are in control or feel unaffected by continued communication.
Prolonged engagement can erode victims’ resolve, entrench emotional attachments, and exacerbate vulnerabilities, even when no initial financial harm occurred. Scammers are experts at exploiting the human need for connection, validation, and understanding, which can transform what seems like harmless curiosity into a cycle of manipulation. This article expands on these risks, examining the psychological, ethical, and practical dangers of continuing communication with scammers after discovery, with a focus on breaking the cycle and moving forward.
Understanding the risks and mechanisms behind these interactions is crucial for victims to regain control, avoid further harm, and prioritize their recovery. By breaking down the psychological traps, cognitive biases, and emotional bonds that keep victims tethered to scammers, this article aims to empower individuals with the knowledge needed to disengage and reclaim their sense of self.
Understanding Victim Psychology Before Engagement
Overview
When victims realize they have been targeted, their reactions are often shaped by a whirlwind of emotions—anger, betrayal, shame, and confusion. These feelings can cloud judgment and lead victims to continue interacting with the scammer, despite recognizing the deception.
Emotional States That Lead to Engagement:
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- Denial: Victims may struggle to accept the reality of the scam, hoping against hope that some part of the interaction was genuine.
- Embarrassment: Feeling foolish or humiliated, victims may try to “regain control” by prolonging the interaction, believing it will restore their dignity.
- Validation Seeking: Some victims seek acknowledgment or an apology from the scammer, hoping it will ease their feelings of betrayal or restore their self-esteem.
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Emotional Triggers Exploited by Scammers:
Scammers are adept at manipulating these emotional states to their advantage. They use flattery, guilt, and fake remorse to keep victims engaged, further exploiting vulnerabilities and deepening the emotional entanglement.
In-Depth
When scam victims uncover the truth about being targeted, their immediate psychological response is often complex and deeply personal. The shock of realizing that they have been deceived—whether financially, emotionally, or both—can elicit a range of emotions that make disengaging from the scammer far more challenging than it may appear. For some, the realization brings immediate relief, as they feel they have narrowly escaped harm. For others, however, the emotional aftermath creates a powerful pull to continue the interaction, even when they know it is fraught with risks. Understanding the underlying psychology of these responses is key to breaking the cycle of manipulation.
A significant factor in continued engagement is the emotional turmoil that often follows the discovery of a scam. Victims frequently experience feelings of embarrassment or shame, believing they were naive or foolish for falling prey to deception. This self-blame can drive them to seek validation or justification for their actions, leading to further communication with the scammer in an attempt to “prove” their control or intelligence. For some, the act of continuing to talk feels like a way to reclaim agency—an illusion that they can turn the tables on the scammer and emerge victorious from the interaction.
The desire for closure also plays a central role. Victims often find it difficult to simply walk away, particularly if the scam involved emotional manipulation or promises of connection. They may feel compelled to understand the scammer’s motives or extract an apology, believing that this will bring emotional resolution. Scammers, skilled at reading emotional cues, exploit this vulnerability by offering confessions or fabricated explanations, luring victims into further dialogue. What begins as a quest for answers can quickly evolve into a deeper psychological entanglement.
Another driving force is the lingering emotional attachment that victims may feel toward the persona crafted by the scammer. This is especially prevalent in romance scams, where victims may have invested weeks or months in what they believed to be a genuine relationship. Even after discovering the deception, the emotional bonds formed during the interaction can be difficult to sever. Victims may rationalize continued communication as a way to preserve some aspect of the connection they once valued, despite knowing it was based on falsehoods.
Finally, some victims continue to engage out of curiosity or a sense of moral responsibility. They may convince themselves that they are in a unique position to understand the scammer’s tactics or that they can “help” the scammer by showing them kindness or compassion. This savior complex, while often well-intentioned, plays directly into the scammer’s hands, as they use the victim’s empathy to maintain control. Curiosity, too, can be a powerful motivator, as victims feel drawn to uncover the scammer’s methods or understand the psychology behind their actions. This desire for insight can trap victims in a cycle of engagement that leaves them vulnerable to further manipulation.
Victims’ reactions to discovering a scam are shaped by a combination of emotional turmoil, attachment, and cognitive biases, all of which can make disengagement feel counterintuitive or even impossible. Recognizing these psychological dynamics is crucial for victims to take the first steps toward cutting ties and protecting themselves from further harm. The more victims understand the emotional and cognitive forces at play, the better equipped they will be to resist the scammer’s tactics and prioritize their recovery.
The Neuropsychological Impacts of Continued Engagement
Overview
Prolonged communication with scammers affects victims neurologically, creating harmful feedback loops that reinforce negative patterns and delay recovery.
Trauma Reinforcement:
Repeated interactions with the scammer force victims to relive the betrayal, embedding it deeper into their psyche. This “re-traumatization” can hinder emotional processing and prolong the healing process.
Dopamine Triggers and Emotional Bonding:
Even negative interactions with scammers can trigger dopamine responses in the brain, reinforcing the cycle of engagement. Victims may experience temporary emotional highs from the illusion of control or perceived victories over the scammer, which makes detaching even harder.
In-Depth
When victims continue to engage with scammers after discovering the deceit, the psychological and neurological effects can be profound. Even when victims believe they are in control of the interaction, the sustained communication creates patterns of emotional and cognitive stress that reinforce the trauma of the scam. These impacts often go unnoticed by the victim until they have escalated, compounding the difficulty of disengagement and recovery.
One of the most immediate neuropsychological effects is emotional exhaustion. Scammers are adept at creating emotionally charged interactions, whether through guilt, anger, or feigned vulnerability. These interactions demand constant attention and emotional energy, preventing victims from fully processing the betrayal and their own feelings about it. Each interaction keeps the emotional wound open, making it harder for victims to achieve closure or begin healing. Over time, the mental energy required to maintain these exchanges leads to fatigue, eroding the victim’s ability to think critically or maintain emotional boundaries.
Another significant impact is cognitive overload, a state where the brain becomes overwhelmed by conflicting narratives and constant mental processing. Scammers often change their tactics during prolonged engagements, alternating between aggression, flattery, remorse, or emotional pleas. This inconsistency creates confusion and forces victims to expend considerable cognitive effort to make sense of the situation. The scammer’s deliberate strategy of bombarding victims with information, demands, or emotions taxes their mental resources, leaving them less equipped to resist manipulation or recognize red flags.
The erosion of skepticism is another key neuropsychological effect. The brain’s natural tendency to associate repeated exposure with safety—a phenomenon known as the mere exposure effect—makes victims more likely to view the scammer as familiar and trustworthy over time, even if they know the interaction is based on deception. This familiarity dulls the brain’s natural alertness to danger, creating an emotional comfort zone that can trap victims in prolonged communication. Scammers exploit this effect by maintaining a consistent presence in the victim’s life, fostering a false sense of reliability that undermines the victim’s critical thinking.
Doubt and self-blame also play a significant role in weakening victims’ psychological resolve. Scammers are skilled at sowing seeds of doubt about the victim’s perceptions, often apologizing or claiming extenuating circumstances to explain their actions. These tactics can lead victims to question their own judgment or feel guilty for ending the interaction. The scammer’s calculated use of remorse and vulnerability manipulates the victim’s empathy, creating internal conflict that further entangles them in the interaction.
Perhaps one of the most insidious impacts is the reinforcement of trauma through repetition. Each interaction with the scammer serves as a reminder of the betrayal, embedding the emotional pain deeper into the victim’s psyche. The brain’s ability to recover from trauma relies on creating distance from the source of harm, but continued communication prevents this process. Instead, the victim becomes caught in a cycle of reliving the emotional injury, which can lead to long-term psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, or difficulty trusting others.
In cases of romance or relationship scams, attachment to the scammer’s persona further complicates the neuropsychological impact. Victims often form emotional bonds with the fictional identity created by the scammer, and breaking those bonds can feel as painful as the end of a genuine relationship. Even after discovering the deceit, victims may struggle to reconcile their feelings for the persona with the reality of the scam. This emotional conflict can prevent victims from fully disengaging, leaving them vulnerable to further manipulation.
Finally, prolonged engagement with scammers perpetuates a dangerous illusion of control. Victims may believe they are dictating the terms of the interaction, but scammers use subtle psychological tactics to maintain dominance. This false sense of agency keeps victims engaged, as they underestimate the impact of the scammer’s ongoing influence on their emotions and decision-making. The brain’s reward system, which releases dopamine during perceived victories or moments of control, reinforces this illusion, making it harder for victims to break free.
In summary, the neuropsychological effects of continued engagement with scammers create a self-perpetuating cycle of emotional exhaustion, cognitive overload, and psychological vulnerability. Each interaction deepens the victim’s entanglement, making disengagement increasingly difficult and recovery more complex. Recognizing these effects is critical for victims to understand the importance of cutting ties and prioritizing their mental health and well-being.
Social and Cultural Contexts: Shame and Isolation
Overview
Cultural and societal norms play a significant role in shaping how victims respond to scams and why they might continue engaging with scammers.
Stigma and Judgment:
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- Shame: Victims often fear being judged by society, friends, or family for falling victim to a scam. This shame can drive them to seek validation or redemption by continuing to interact with the scammer.
- Isolation: Societal stigma may prevent victims from seeking help, leaving them more vulnerable to prolonged manipulation.
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Cross-Cultural Factors:
In some cultures, trust, collectivism, or saving face are deeply ingrained values. Victims from these backgrounds may feel an even stronger obligation to engage with scammers, particularly if scammers feign hardship or emotional distress.
In-Depth
The decision to continue communicating with a scammer after detecting the deception is often shaped by powerful social and cultural forces, particularly the interplay of shame and isolation. Victims who engage with scammers after discovery are not merely responding to individual impulses—they are also influenced by broader societal narratives and personal fears that can trap them in an extended cycle of harmful interactions. Understanding these dynamics is crucial to breaking free from the manipulation and stigma that keep victims tethered to their scammers.
Shame is a pervasive emotion for scam victims, particularly in cultures or communities where victimhood is associated with naivety or gullibility. Upon realizing they were targeted, victims often experience an intense sense of embarrassment, feeling as though they have failed to meet societal expectations of vigilance or intelligence. This shame can make it difficult for victims to admit the situation to themselves or others, leaving them vulnerable to the scammer’s continued influence. Scammers, aware of this vulnerability, often exploit it by reframing the interaction to keep the victim engaged, such as apologizing, feigning remorse, or claiming they are also a victim of circumstance.
In this context, shame can become a driving force behind continued communication. Victims may feel compelled to keep talking to the scammer as a way to “regain control” or mitigate their perceived failure. They may believe that by extracting an apology, understanding the scammer’s motives, or even outsmarting the scammer, they can restore their sense of self-worth. However, this prolonged interaction often deepens their emotional entanglement and reinforces their feelings of inadequacy, as the scammer continues to manipulate their emotions and exploit their vulnerabilities.
Isolation compounds the problem. Victims often withdraw from their social networks after discovering they have been scammed, fearing judgment or ridicule from friends, family, or colleagues. The societal stigma surrounding scams—where victims are unfairly blamed for their perceived lack of caution—discourages many from seeking support or sharing their experience. This self-imposed isolation leaves victims with limited perspectives and fewer emotional outlets, making the scammer their sole point of connection. Scammers capitalize on this dynamic by portraying themselves as sympathetic figures or as the only person who truly understands the victim, further deepening the psychological bond.
The fear of exposure is another factor that keeps victims engaged. Scammers may threaten to reveal private information or embarrassing details about the victim to their social or professional circles, leveraging cultural fears of public humiliation. Victims who are already grappling with shame may feel trapped, believing that continuing the interaction is their only way to manage the situation or prevent the scammer from retaliating. This coerced communication not only perpetuates the victim’s emotional distress but also reinforces their sense of isolation, as they avoid reaching out for help.
For some victims, cultural expectations about responsibility play a significant role in their decision to continue communication. In societies that place a high value on personal accountability, victims may feel that it is their duty to resolve the situation on their own. They may believe that cutting off communication would be equivalent to giving up or shirking their responsibility to confront the scammer. This mindset can lead to prolonged interactions, as victims strive to “fix” the situation or seek justice through their own efforts, rather than disengaging and seeking external support.
Victims who continue to communicate with scammers may also experience a form of social dissonance—a conflict between their internal shame and their external behavior. They may justify their continued engagement by telling themselves it is an act of curiosity, revenge, or even charity, while internally grappling with the stigma and self-blame that the scam has imposed. This dissonance creates an emotional burden that further isolates them from others, as they fear being misunderstood or judged if they were to share their true feelings or motivations.
Breaking free from this cycle requires addressing both the personal and societal factors that contribute to shame and isolation. On a personal level, victims must recognize that continuing communication with the scammer is not a path to resolution but a trap that deepens their emotional and psychological entanglement. On a societal level, reducing the stigma surrounding scams is essential to creating an environment where victims feel safe seeking help and support. Public education campaigns, survivor advocacy, and accessible support networks can help dismantle the harmful narratives that equate victimhood with personal failure.
In conclusion, the social and cultural contexts of shame and isolation play a significant role in why victims continue to communicate with scammers after detecting the scam. These dynamics create a powerful emotional barrier to disengagement, leaving victims trapped in a cycle of manipulation and self-blame. Recognizing and addressing these factors is critical for victims to break free, rebuild their confidence, and move toward recovery with the support they deserve.
Ethical Implications of Continuing Engagement
Overview
Engaging with scammers post-discovery raises significant ethical concerns that victims often overlook in the heat of the moment.
Unintentional Collaboration
By interacting with scammers, victims may inadvertently help refine their tactics, making future scams more effective. Scammers use these interactions to learn how to overcome resistance and adapt their strategies.
Global Impact
Continued engagement fuels the broader ecosystem of scam operations. Even if a single victim believes they are wasting a scammer’s time, the network’s vast resources ensure minimal disruption, while feedback from the interaction may enhance their methods.
In-Depth
Continuing to engage with scammers after discovering their deceit raises complex ethical questions, both for the victims and the broader societal impact of such interactions. While victims often justify prolonged communication as a way to gain control, exact revenge, or extract information, these actions can blur moral boundaries and contribute to unintended consequences that perpetuate harm.
The Ethics of Prolonged Interaction
From an ethical perspective, the decision to continue communication with scammers can be seen as problematic because it often involves deliberate deception or manipulation, even if directed at the scammer. Victims may feel justified in mirroring the scammer’s tactics—lying, feigning sympathy, or misleading the scammer to waste their time or gather information. However, these actions can erode the victim’s own sense of integrity and contribute to a cycle of harm, as the line between victim and aggressor becomes blurred.
Ethically, it is important to consider whether engaging in deception, even against a criminal, aligns with one’s personal values. While it may feel satisfying to “turn the tables” on a scammer, such actions can create internal conflict and feelings of guilt, particularly for individuals who value honesty and fairness. The desire for retribution, while understandable, can lead to a moral compromise that ultimately hinders emotional healing.
Impact on the Victim’s Integrity
Continuing to engage with scammers can inadvertently shift the victim’s focus away from recovery and self-care toward revenge or curiosity. This shift can have ethical ramifications, as victims may prioritize their own feelings of empowerment over the broader consequences of their actions. For instance, if a victim deceives a scammer or keeps them engaged in conversation, they may inadvertently provide feedback that scammers use to refine their tactics. This can make future scams more effective, indirectly harming other potential victims.
Additionally, by adopting tactics similar to those used by scammers, victims risk normalizing unethical behavior in themselves. This can create a slippery slope where deception becomes an accepted tool for interacting with others, potentially influencing their future relationships and interactions in negative ways. The ethical dilemma here lies in whether the short-term satisfaction of “beating” the scammer justifies the potential long-term impact on one’s personal values and moral compass.
Enabling Criminal Operations
Another significant ethical concern is the potential for continued engagement to enable scammers’ operations, even unintentionally. Scammers often work within organized networks, and their ability to maintain contact with victims—even uncooperative ones—can provide data or insights that benefit their criminal activities. For example, scammers may use prolonged conversations to test new manipulation techniques, refine their narratives, or gather seemingly inconsequential information that can be weaponized later. By staying in communication, victims may unknowingly contribute to the scammer’s ability to improve their strategies and target others more effectively.
From an ethical standpoint, enabling criminal activity, even indirectly, raises serious questions about accountability and responsibility. While victims are not to blame for being targeted, their continued engagement can have broader implications that extend beyond their personal situation. Recognizing this potential harm is essential for understanding the ethical dimensions of prolonged interaction.
The Morality of Revenge
For many victims, the impulse to continue communicating with scammers stems from a desire for revenge or justice. They may feel that wasting the scammer’s time, misleading them, or extracting information is a way to “fight back” or level the playing field. However, revenge-driven actions often come at a moral cost, as they perpetuate cycles of negativity and conflict.
Revenge-focused engagement can also distract victims from their own healing process, keeping them emotionally tethered to the scam and its perpetrators. This fixation on retribution can prevent victims from moving forward, as their energy remains consumed by the scammer rather than directed toward recovery. Morally, this raises questions about whether the pursuit of revenge truly serves the victim’s best interests or simply prolongs their suffering.
Ethical Responsibility to Other Victims
Victims who continue engaging with scammers may not fully consider their ethical responsibility to other potential victims. By maintaining contact, victims inadvertently provide scammers with opportunities to practice and perfect their manipulation techniques. This not only increases the risk of the scammer targeting others more effectively but also allows the scammer to continue their operations without interruption.
In some cases, victims may rationalize their continued engagement by believing they are preventing the scammer from targeting others. However, scammers often operate in teams or networks, and the time spent on one victim does not necessarily reduce their ability to pursue others. Instead, it can serve as a training ground, helping scammers become more adept at overcoming resistance or objections.
Recognizing this broader impact is critical for understanding the ethical implications of continued engagement. By severing communication and reporting the scam to authorities or anti-scam organizations, victims can contribute to efforts that disrupt criminal networks and protect others from being targeted.
Balancing Personal Healing with Ethical Conduct
The ethical challenges of continuing communication with scammers ultimately come down to a balance between personal needs and broader consequences. While it is natural for victims to seek closure, understanding, or empowerment after a scam, these goals must be weighed against the potential harm caused by prolonged interaction. Victims who prioritize ethical conduct can focus on actions that align with their values, such as reporting the scam, raising awareness, or participating in support groups that empower others.
In conclusion, the ethical implications of continuing engagement with scammers highlight the need for victims to critically evaluate their motivations and actions. By considering the impact on their own integrity, the potential to enable criminal activity, and their responsibility to other potential victims, individuals can make choices that support both their personal recovery and the broader fight against scams. Ultimately, breaking free from the cycle of communication is not just a psychological necessity—it is also an ethical step toward reclaiming control and contributing to a safer, more informed society.
The Path Forward: Breaking the Cycle and Moving On
Victims must prioritize their well-being by recognizing the psychological, ethical, and practical risks of continued engagement. Breaking free from scammers requires courage, support, and a focus on recovery.
Accept the Reality of the Scam
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- Acknowledge that the scammer’s actions were calculated manipulations with no genuine concern for the victim’s well-being.
Focus on Healing
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- Seek professional counseling and support groups to process lingering emotions and rebuild trust in oneself and others.
Advocate for Awareness
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- Sharing experiences and raising awareness can empower victims and help others avoid similar pitfalls.
Practical Tools and Resources for Victims
Victims need clear, actionable steps to break free from scammers and protect themselves emotionally, psychologically, and practically.
Steps for Immediate Disengagement
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- Block All Communication: Cut off all channels, including email, phone, and social media.
- Secure Accounts: Change passwords and enable two-factor authentication to prevent unauthorized access.
- Document Evidence: Save any relevant messages or interactions to report the scam to authorities.
Professional Support Options
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- Trauma Counseling: Therapy can help victims process lingering emotions and rebuild confidence.
- Support Groups: Sharing experiences with others who have faced similar scams can provide validation and coping strategies.
Conclusion: Reclaiming Control
Continuing engagement with scammers, whether out of curiosity, anger, or misplaced empathy, only perpetuates harm. By understanding the psychological traps, ethical dilemmas, and societal impacts of prolonged interaction, victims can make informed decisions to protect their well-being. Breaking the cycle of manipulation is essential for recovery, enabling victims to reclaim their agency, rebuild resilience, and move forward with strength and clarity. Recognizing that severing all contact is the safest and most empowering choice paves the way for true healing.
References
- The psychology behind falling for a cyber scam. (2024). Consilien | One Source | One Solution. https://www.consilien.com/news/the-psychology-behind-falling-for-a-cyber-scam
- Iowa Fraud Fighters. (2024). Why We’re Vulnerable to Fraud. Iowa Fraud Fighters. https://iowafraudfighters.gov/2021/04/14/psychological-and-emotional-factors-make-us-vulnerable-to-fraud/
- Hanson, R. F., Sawyer, G. K., Begle, A. M., & Hubel, G. S. (2010). The impact of crime victimization on quality of life. Journal of Traumatic Stress. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20508
- ICJIA | Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority. (2024). illinois.gov. https://icjia.illinois.gov/researchhub/articles/the-victim-offender-overlap-examining-the-relationship-between-victimization-and-offending
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Some of our articles discuss various aspects of victims. This is both about better understanding victims (the science of victimology) and their behaviors and psychology. This helps us to educate victims/survivors about why these crimes happened and to not blame themselves, better develop recovery programs, and to help victims avoid scams in the future. At times this may sound like blaming the victim, but it does not blame scam victims, we are simply explaining the hows and whys of the experience victims have.
These articles, about the Psychology of Scams or Victim Psychology – meaning that all humans have psychological or cognitive characteristics in common that can either be exploited or work against us – help us all to understand the unique challenges victims face before, during, and after scams, fraud, or cybercrimes. These sometimes talk about some of the vulnerabilities the scammers exploit. Victims rarely have control of them or are even aware of them, until something like a scam happens and then they can learn how their mind works and how to overcome these mechanisms.
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Note about Mindfulness: Mindfulness practices have the potential to create psychological distress for some individuals. Please consult a mental health professional or experienced meditation instructor for guidance should you encounter difficulties.
While any self-help techniques outlined herein may be beneficial for scam victims seeking to recover from their experience and move towards recovery, it is important to consult with a qualified mental health professional before initiating any course of action. Each individual’s experience and needs are unique, and what works for one person may not be suitable for another.
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